Biofloc Technology: Sustainable Technology for Fish Production

Abstract

Based on in-situ microorganism generation, biofloc technology is an aquaculture method that is favorable to the environment. The term "biofloc" means the lump of living and dead organic materials, phytoplankton and bacteria that feed on other bacteria that are suspended in water or other bodies of water. Using waste nutrients as fish food is a method of alternative fish farming known as biofloc technology. This review focuses on the requirements of a biofloc fish farming system, biofloc development, the microbial community, and the significance of microbial interaction in biofloc technology, where phytoplankton and bacterial populations play a more significant role in maintaining water quality. Between bacteria and algae, there is a complicated relationship. Due to bacteria, Algae can be decomposed into organic nutrients. Along with its ability to distribute bioactive chemicals, biofloc's nutritional value influences the entire aquatic food supply. The control and harmful consequences of nitrogenous chemicals have been covered in this review (such as ammonia, nitrites, and nitrates). Biofloc advantages and disadvantages are also discussed in this review as to what improvement can be made to biofloc technology.